ABSTRACT
To determine the prevalence and risk factor of anti-HCV in ESRD patients under chronic maitenance hemodialysis, the prevalence of serum antibodies to hepatitis C Virus(Anti-HCV) was assessed by an enzyme immunoassay (Abbott HCV EIA) in 253 patients with long-term Hemodialysis in Daegu & Kyoungbuk. 15 patients(5.9%) were anti-HCV positive. All dialysis patients had the history of transfusion. The number of transfusion units was not significant in anti-HCV positive patients(mean 17+/-20 pints) in comparison with the number in anti-HCV negative patients (mean 16+/-17 pints). The frequency of hemodialysis was also not significant in anti-HCV positive patients(mean 477+/-618 ) compared with anti-HCV negative patients (mean 462+/-616). The mean duration of hemodialysis was significantly higher(P<0.001) in the anti-HCV positive patients (74+/-42 months) in comparison with anti-HCV negative patients (45+/-41 months). We concluded that the prevalence of anti-HCV in hemodialysis patients is 5.9% and that HCV infection is significantly related with the duration of hemodialysis rather than the number of transfusion units and the frequency of hemodialysis
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies , Dialysis , Hepacivirus , Hepatitis C , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Korea , Prevalence , Renal Dialysis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Blood-borne metastatic involvement of the gastric mucosa as a result of cancer is a rare occurrence. The tumors which were most commonly reported to metastasize to the stomach include melanoma, breast carcinoma, and lung carcinoma. Some reports document that large cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the lungs have a higher pre- dilection for gastrointestinal tract metastases. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings of metastatic lesions may vary but often produce a characteristic single or multiple bulls eye or target lesion. Therefore, whenever single or multiple target lesions are seen in the stomach on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy or barium study, the examination should include careful radiographic evaluation of the chest. Moreover, when the patient is known to have lung cancer, metastatic disease should be suspected. With a correct diagnosis and proper treatment, relief of symptoms and prolongation of life can sometimes be achieved, A case in reported involving squamous cell lung cancer with stomach metastasis in a 73 year-old woman. The patient was diagnosed by bronchoscopy, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, chest CT, and abdominal CT. The chest and abdominal CT revealed a poorly marginated, lobulated, and 4 x 3 cm sized mass lesion in the right lower lobe causing obstruction of right lower lobe bronchus with invasion to the left atrium. right inferior pulmonary vein, and superior vena cava. Mediastimal lymph node enlargement and liver metastasis was also detected. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed two "bulls eye" lesions with different sizes and two nodules without tip ulceration.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Barium , Breast Neoplasms , Bronchi , Bronchoscopy , Carcinoma, Large Cell , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Diagnosis , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastric Mucosa , Gastrointestinal Tract , Heart Atria , Life Support Care , Liver , Lung Neoplasms , Lung , Lymph Nodes , Melanoma , Neoplasm Metastasis , Pulmonary Veins , Stomach , Thorax , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ulcer , Vena Cava, SuperiorABSTRACT
Thymoma has been associated with a variety of diseases, including myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), hypogammaglobulinemia, and other abnormal immune and endocrine disorders. Herein we report a case of PRCA associated with invasive thymoma in a 65-year-old man. In spite of total thymectomy and irradiation to the mediastinum, no significant response was observed. The mechanisms and management of PRCA associated with invasive thymoma are reviewed.